GGUF vs EXL2: which quantization format should you use?

Compared on hardware support, runtime, quality and what the 79-model index actually ships.

At a glance

GGUF vs EXL2: which quantization format should you use?
GGUFEXL2
Runs onAny — CPU / NVIDIA / AMD / AppleNVIDIA GPU (Ampere+ recommended)
Runtimellama.cpp · OllamaExLlamaV2 · TabbyAPI
Best forLocal / edge deploymentMax single-GPU performance
Adoption estimate89%32%
Models in this index79 / 7921 / 79

GGUF

The most versatile format. CPU, GPU, Apple Silicon — runs everywhere. Supports hybrid inference splitting weights across RAM and VRAM.

Strengths

  • Any hardware
  • CPU+GPU hybrid
  • Huge ecosystem
  • Beginner-friendly

Trade-offs

  • Slower than GPU-native
  • Not ideal for high concurrency

EXL2

ExLlamaV2 format. Mixed-precision per-layer quantization — best accuracy-per-bit ratio. Fastest single-GPU inference available.

Strengths

  • Fastest GPU inference
  • Best accuracy per bit
  • Ultra-low 2bpw option

Trade-offs

  • NVIDIA only
  • Steeper learning curve

Models that ship both

These 21 models publish weights in both formats, so the two rows describe the same model rather than two different ones — the only place this comparison is measurable rather than editorial.

Models that ship both
ModelGGUF LevelQuality lossEXL2 LevelQuality loss
Qwen2.5 72B InstructQ5_K_M1.1%EXL2 3.5bpw4.8%
Llama 3.1 70B InstructQ5_K_M1.2%EXL2 3.5bpw5.2%
Qwen3 32B InstructQ4_K_M2.5%EXL2 3.5bpw4.5%
Qwen2.5 32B InstructQ4_K_M2.7%EXL2 3.5bpw4.8%
Qwen2.5-Coder 32B InstructQ4_K_M2.5%EXL2 3.5bpw4.5%
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32BQ4_K_M2.6%EXL2 3.5bpw4.5%
Mistral Small 24B InstructQ4_K_M2.9%EXL2 4.65bpw2.2%
Devstral Small 1.1 24BQ6_K0.6%EXL2 4.65bpw2.5%
Magistral Small 1.2 24BQ6_K0.6%EXL2 4.65bpw2.5%
Qwen3 14B InstructQ5_K_M1.2%EXL2 4.65bpw1.8%
Qwen2.5 14B InstructQ5_K_M1.4%EXL2 4.65bpw2.1%
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14BQ4_K_M2.8%EXL2 4.65bpw2%
Qwen3 8B InstructQ6_K0.6%EXL2 4.65bpw2%
Llama 3.1 8B InstructQ8_00.1%EXL2 4.65bpw2.5%
Nous Hermes 3 Llama 3.1 8BQ4_K_M3%EXL2 4.65bpw2.3%
OpenChat 3.6 8BQ4_K_M3.1%EXL2 4.65bpw2.4%
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Llama-8BQ5_K_M1.2%EXL2 4.65bpw1.9%
Qwen2.5 7B InstructQ6_K0.7%EXL2 4.65bpw2.2%
Qwen2.5-Coder 7B InstructQ4_K_M2.8%EXL2 4.65bpw2%
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7BQ4_K_M3%EXL2 4.65bpw2.2%

Quality loss is perplexity increase against the unquantized weights — lower is better, and only comparable within one model.

Which to choose